Minority rights refer to the privileges granted to a specific group of people within a particular region. These rights are provided for various reasons, including the fact that this group may have a smaller population compared to others from the same ethnicity or tribe. The topic of minority rights has been a point of dispute in both Europe and Africa. More so, determining who constitutes a minority and granting them rights is a complex and challenging task. The aftermath of colonialism has resulted in a mix of ethnicities living together in a single territory, making the discussion of minority rights particularly difficult in the African context. While progress has been made in Europe with regards to granting rights to minority groups, it is still not a straightforward process. Understanding the evolution of minority rights in both the African and European contexts is crucial to fully comprehending the issue of minority rights and how it somewhat differs from the African to the European context. This paper reviews the historical examination of the evolution of minority rights and presents a comparison of the differences in the way minority rights is understood and dealt with in the African and European contexts.

The Russian-Ukrainian war caused disturbing global repercussions, at a time when the world was on its way out of the Corona pandemic, which had the most severe impact on developing countries. The most prominent repercussions of the Russian-Ukrainian war are the fluctuations in energy prices, especially COVID-19, crude oil and natural gas. One of the most severe of these effects is the food price crisis, especially wheat, which increases the possibility of an imminent global food crisis. This analytical paper deals with the repercussions of the Russian-Ukrainian war. On the global economy and the most important economic and social effects, with a special focus on future trends and expectations.

The objective of this research is to define educational policies to promote the knowledge economy and technological development. For this, the objective is to determine the existing conditions for the development of the knowledge economy in Ecuador, and the connection with the business structure (public and private) to promote the country in technological development, so that higher education comply with the principle of relevance. To analyze the theoretical perspectives with the empirical results, two models were made that cover the evolution of the knowledge economy. The main results show that when investment in education is greater, the knowledge economy grows and is reflected in exports with a higher technological level. For the Ecuadorian case, it is recommended to carry out an educational reform and increase investment in education, and in science and technology, that promotes technological development.

This article aims to assess the opportunities for employed accountants practicing in the economic sector in Algeria to enter and complete the professional accounting education program for the chartered accountant and statutory auditor utilizing Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory.
Through distributing a questionnaire to 90 employed accountants in the economic units across eastern Algeria to identify the ecological factors influencing their opportunities, the results revealed that individual factors such as experience, desire, knowledge, skills, and effort have a positive impact to enter the educational program. However, direct environmental factors within the microsystem, notably work hours and family commitments, may lead to the failure to complete it. It is the same type of impact resulting from family financial and social needs and their relationship with the work of employed accountants within the mesosystem.
Within the exosystem, the results indicated that adopting a combination of attendance and cloud-based programs enhances the opportunities for program completion. However, the results related to the factors of the macrosystem had a negative impact due to employed accountants' belief in the obstacles of the professional work environment and the lack of legal agility governing the profession.The researchers suggest considering the ecological perspective when designing the entry requirements for the professional accounting education program to provide employed accountants with a fair chance to complete it.

In Türkiye, the first place of application for preventive health services and polyclinic services is Family Medicine Units. This study was conducted to reveal the status of the Family Medicine System in the current health system as of 2021 and to make recommendations. Study data were taken from the 2021 health statistics yearbook of the Ministry of Health. The average population per Family Medicine Unit in Türkiye is 3,145 and it has been determined that there are significant imbalances between regions and provinces. In 2021, 36% of the total physician applications in Türkiye were made to Family Medicine Units, and 2.9 of 8 applications per capita were made here. The referral rate in the family medicine system has been 0.6% as of 2021, and when evaluated together with the number of applications, it can be said that the referral system is not functioning effectively. The satisfaction rate with the Family Medicine System was generally higher than with inpatient treatment services, at 70.1%. When the study results are evaluated; Suggestions were made, especially for improving the referral system, making the distribution of family medicine units balanced, and increasing the qualifications of family physicians.